A century of Quantum Mechanics

''A profound change has taken place during the present century in the opinions physicists have held on the mathematical foundations of their subject. Previously they supposed that the principles of Newtonian mechanics would provide the basis for the description of the whole of physical phenomenon and that all the theoretical physicists had to do was suitably to develop and apply these principles. With the recognition that there is no logical reason why Newtonian and classical principles should be valid outside the domains in which they have been experimentally verified has come the realization that departures from these principles are indeed necessary. Such departures find their expression through the introduction of new mathematical formalisms, new schemes of axioms and rules of manipulation, into the methods of theoretical physics.''

P. A. M. Dirac, "Quantum Mechanics" (1930).

Year  Conceptual Development 
Planck
1900 
Quantized energy in Radiation. (Blackbody radiation)
Einstein
1905 
Quantum nature of light ''Photons''.
Bohr
1913 
First quantum model of Hydrogen Atom.
de Broglie
1923 
Wave-particle nature of electrons
Heisenberg
1925 
Matrix mechanics- .
Heisenberg-Schrodinger-Born
1926 
Solution of Hydrogen Atom( Heisenberg and Schrodinger)
-Schrodinger's Wave equation-
Born's Probabilistic interpretation of the wavefunction.
Dirac
1928
Relativistic Wave Equation for Electron.
Einstein, Podosky, Rosenberg
1935 
Non-locality of Quantum Mechanics
Feynman
1947 
Path integral .
Bell
1964 
Bell's inequalities
Benioff
1980 
Concept of Quantum Computer.
Berry
1984 
Geometrical Phase
Elitzur - Vaidman
1993 
Non-invasive Quantum Measurement
Shore
1994 
Polynomial-in-time algorithm for Quantum Cryptography.