Physics 123-124, Summer 2008

Textbook

University Physics, Young and Freedman, Volume 1, 12 ed. without Mastering Physics, (ISBN 0-321-50062-8) with Student Solutions Manual (ISBN 0-321-50063-6). If you are planning on taking Physics 227-228, it might be economical for you to buy University Physics, Extended Edition, with Mastering Physics (ISBN 0-8053-2187X). Volume 1 contains Chapters 1-20, Volume 2 is Chapters 21-37, Volume 3 is Chapters 37-44, the extended edition is Chapters 1-44. "Mastering Physics" is the publisher's web-based resource. It is not used in this summer course but all the other instructors do use it. If you buy a used textbook, don't worry about the access code for Mastering Physics for this summer course but you will need it for other courses. Older editions might work, I haven't seen them. Sometimes a new edition just adds additional problems and web references. With the student solutions manual, outdated problems in an old edition won't be a problem. Since we're not using Mastering Physics, web references don't matter.

Prerequisites

Calculus is a pre- or co- requisite. Although derivatives and integrals of functions that we use will be relatively simple, a strong understanding of the concepts is required. Needless to say, the prerequites to calculus (algebra, trigonometry, basic geometry) must be mastered.

Vector algebra will be covered in class as needed, however, it would be helpful for you to review beforehand. Given the magnitude and direction of a vector, you should be able to give its components - and vice-versa. You should be able to add vectors and take the scalar and vector products of two vectors.

Over the summer, we will cover Chapters 1 through 20. This dictates a pace of one chapter per class meeting. In no other course will new ideas come faster. Be prepared to commit the time this course will require. If you are not very well-prepared, this course alone will be almost a full load.

Syllabus

List of Topics – 123:

We will start with algebraic, graphical and calculus-based descriptions of a particle in motion in one dimension. We will find the position and velocity as a function of time given the acceleration, covering in detail the special case of constant acceleration. Then we will generalize to motion in two dimensions discussing topics such as projectile motion and circular motion.

Newton's Laws will be introduced and the discussion of systems of forces on an object will create new opportunities for motion problems such as: an object moving on an inclined plane, Attwood's machine, objects suspended by cables, pulley machines, friction, etc. The forces involved in circular motion will be discussed and after energy and linear momentum are covered, circular motion will be covered in full.

The law of conservation of energy will be introduced. Knowledge of the energy of an object due to its velocity (kinetic energy) and position (potential energy), and the change in energy caused by external forces (work) will give you new techniques for solving for the motion of an object. The motion of falling bodies will be revisited and the important case of the motion of a mass on a spring will be covered.

Another conserved quantity in an isolated system is momentum. Momentum is a vector, and application of the law of conservation of momentum will be useful in many situations. Collisions and other situations involving multiple particles can be solved without knowing about the forces.

Finally, rotational motion will be studied. The ideas of rotational kinematics, moment of inertia, torque and angular acceleration, angular momentum and rotational energy will be used to solve problems involving rotating bodies. Combined linear and rotational motion will also be encountered.

List of topics – 124:

The motion of extended bodies (objects larger than points) with applied forces and torques will be studied. The special case of objects in equilibrium, ie zero acceleration, will be considered to solve many common problems.

The force of gravity will be studied including: the motion of objects in an inverse r-squared force field, gravitational potential energy, satellite and planetary motion.

Basic fluid mechanics, bouyant force, Bernoulli's equation will be covered.

Because of its importance, the harmonic oscillator will be studied in detail. The time dependence of position, velocity and acceleration in simple harmonic motion will be discussed in many applications. Wave motion will be discussed in general and also in specific media such as sound waves and waves on a string.

Approximately one third of the term will be dedicated to thermodynamics including: temperature, thermal properties, the ideal gas, heat and energy transfer, kinetic theory of gases, the Boltzman distribution, entropy and heat engines of various types.

Assignments

Your success in this course will be based on how well you can apply your knowledge and do problems. There will be many sources of problems and their solutions: examples in the book, examples in class, homework, quizzes and exams. The only way to do well at solving problems is to practice. Homework won't be collected, the course will proceed too fast for the normal cycle of assignments, grading, and return of homework. For the most part, you will be assigned problems that have solutions worked out in the text materials.

  • Start working on your homework problems as soon as they're assigned, you need time to process, analyze, understand. If you can't do a problem, don't just read the solution - understand the failure in your knowledge or thought process, it's how you will learn to do problems for the exams. You should also read all of the problems at the end of the chapters to see what can be asked; try to classify the problems and ask yourself if you think you can do each type of probem.
  • Study the chapter (minus any sections specifically excluded) and pay particular attention to the examples worked in the text. They often illustrate important techniques that you use to solve problems. You should try to work the example problems on your own after studying them.
  • A sheet of easy, basic problems will be handed out each class. These are easier than the easiest problems in the back of each chapter. They will be a good way for you to start understanding how to use the ideas and formulas. Students will be called on to work these problems on the blackboard at the next class.
  • Look at the day's chapter before each class (take about 10 minutes), it will help greatly to have a preview of the ideas that you will be learning.

    Grades

    Your grade will be based on quizzes (70 points), midterm (70 points), and final exam (100 points). There will be a quiz every class except the first, the midterm day and the day of the final. The best 7 out of 9 quizzes will be counted.

    Class Schedule and Homework Assignments


    May 27: Read 1.1 - 1.6. Study 1.7 - 1.9. Study 2.1 - 2.5. Study thoroughly Examples 2.7 and 2.8. Problems: 1.9, 2.5, 2.25, 2.39, 2.47, 2.79.
    May 29: Study 1.7 - 1.9. Study 3.1 - 3.4 (but not nonuniform circular motion for now). Read 9.1. Problems: 1.43, 3.17, 3.23, 3.29, 3.33.
    June 3: Study Chapter 4. Study the parts of Chapter 5 that we do today. Problems: 4.5, 4.19, 4.25, 5.9a.
    June 5: Finish studying Chapter 5. The fluid resistance part will be done just descriptively. Most of the examples in the chapter are important so study them. Problems: 5.11, 5.29, 5.41, 5.59, 5.91, 5.111.
    June 10 Study Chapter 1.10 on the scalar product. Study 6.1, 6.2, 6.4, 7.1. Problems 6.1, 6.15, 6.21, 7.5.
    June 12 Study 6.3, 7.2-7.5. Problems 6.29, 6.33, 6.39, 6.77, 7.21, 7.23.
    June 17 Midterm Exam
    June 19 Study 8.1 to 8.5. Collisions in 2D will be discussed only briefly. Problems 8.7, 8.17, 8.35 (as modified), 8.43, 8.47, 8.77a, 8.101.
    June 24 Study 9.1 to 9.5, rolling without slipping starting on page 324, vector product starting on page 24 (we won't use component description of the vector product). Problems 9.11, 9.31, 9.47, 9.83.
    June 26 Study 10.1 - 10.6. Problems 10.1, 10.9, 10.23, 10.27, 10.35, 10.43, 10.57, 10.73. Some of the harder problems will be done in class, some material might not be covered until July 1.
    July 1
    July 3 Final Exam


    July 7: Study Chapter 11, especially the examples. Problems 11.7, 11.11, 11.13a, 11.23.
    July 9: Study Chapter 12, sections 1-4. Read sections 5-8. Problems 12.6 (ans:-2.32x10E-11), 12.49a, 12.51a, 12.67, 12.73. Find period of satellite at surface of the earth.
    July 14: Study Chapter 14, section 1-5, or as far as we get. Problems 14.15, 14.27, 14.41, 14.59, 14.89.
    July 16: Study Chapter 13. Problems 13.7, 13.11, 13.23, 13.77.
    July 21: Study Chapter 15. Problems 13.41, 15.7 a-c, 15.15, 15.45.
    July 23: Study the parts of Chapter 16 done in class, read the rest. Problems 15.45, 16.23, 16.41, 16.43a&b.
    July 28: Midterm Exam. On Chapters 11 - 14.
    July 30: Study Chapters 17 & 18. Problems 17.29, 17.33, 17.49, 17.53, 17.59, 17.65, 17.107, 18.7, 18.37.
    Aug 4: Study Chapter 19. Problems 19.9, 19.21, 19.25, 19.61.
    Aug 6: Study Chapter 20. Problems 19.33, 20.9, 20.27, 20.47. Try 20.40 as a practice final exam question.
    Aug 11:
    Aug 13: Final Exam.